Harness results

Every solid bar is the same model: GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint. Only the harness changes from bar to bar: the program that splits up the work and runs the agents. The logo on a solid bar is the harness's maker, not a model provider.

Grey hatched bars, on the left of a chart behind a divider, are other providers' frontier models (OpenAI, Anthropic), shown only for reference. They are not on our endpoint.

A taller bar was right more often or scored higher. Within each group, bars further right finished faster. On top of each bar is what one run cost: GLM time at the box's $20 an hour whatever the token count, plus the Claude Sonnet calls OpenResearch makes; GPT-6 Astra at its published API price.

The GLM box was torn down partway through Experiment 6, so on the short-task benchmarks the swarms reached only 1 or 2 items each. Their bars there rest on one or two runs and are drawn faded.

GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, 3 or more runsGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, 1 or 2 runs: a weak signalAnother provider's frontier model, for reference

What the runs show

  1. What we recommend: the OpenEvolve tool for well-defined tasks with a reward it can climb; the Microsoft Agent Framework harness, the best overall but with known cases where it fails completely (0 on its retrieval and vulnerability runs); and DeepSeek Harness as the safer alternative. OpenResearch is still in development.
  2. Hard research is where a swarm pays off. On the legislation questions the Microsoft Agent Framework was right 9 of 14 times and OpenResearch with the Sonnet decider 7 of 14. One plain GLM agent was right 1 of 15 times and GPT-6 Astra alone 1 of 5, though both answered in minutes.
  3. On short, well-specified tasks one GLM agent did about as well as any swarm, faster and for much less: 3 or 4 of 4 right on tax law and data analysis in 1 to 6 minutes for under $2 a run. The swarms were also right on the items they reached, but took 4 to 40 minutes and $1.50 to $13 a run.
  4. The box was torn down while the swarms were on their first item or two of each benchmark, so their short-task points rest on one or two runs each.
  5. Document retrieval and finding vulnerable files stayed hard for every harness: the best averages were 22 of 100 on retrieval and 0.36 File F1 on vulnerabilities, the latter from a single run.
  6. OpenEvolve steered only by the OpenResearch add-on’s judgment, with no cycle count in the search, made the Anthropic kernel 55.7 times faster for about $60 of box time. OpenEvolve with a numeric evaluator was not measured: its one ALE-Bench run, at high reasoning effort, produced no programs, and the low-effort runs never started.

The key players for each kind of task

For each kind of task: GLM-5.3-Flash with no harness (one agent) and with the swarm harnesses we tested on every task, beside one frontier model from another provider for reference.

Hard legal research

A generated legislation set: made-up jurisdictions of about 2,830 documents, 5 hard questions (Experiment 5)

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness20%$1.41 a run at API priceGPT-6 Astra, onemodel alone(OpenAI)1.7 min50%$14.67 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider39.1 min25%$12.65 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended38 min64%$10.61 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended31.8 min56%$5.58 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended16.7 min7%$2.59 a runNo harness: oneagent7.8 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Each question has an obvious answer that a later law, amendment or court decision overrides. No published scores exist for this set.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
GPT-6 Astra, one model alone (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)20%1 of 5 right1.7 min$1.41 a run at API price—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness50%7 of 14 right39.1 min$14.67 a run—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness25%2 of 8 right38 min$12.65 a runRecommended
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness64%9 of 14 right31.8 min$10.61 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness56%5 of 9 right16.7 min$5.58 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness7%1 of 15 right7.8 min$2.59 a run—

Legal decisions (tax law)

DeonticBench: tax owed, right within $1

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness44.4%cost not publishedo3 (OpenAI)published score100%$12.31 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider30.3 min · 1 run100%$7.90 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended23.7 min · 1 run100%$1.49 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended4.5 min · 2 runs100%$1.22 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended3.7 min75%$0.44 a runNo harness: oneagent1.3 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. The swarms reached 1 or 2 of the 4 items before the box was torn down.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
o3 (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)44.4%published: DeonticBench paper, Table 2 (2026-04)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right30.3 min$12.31 a run—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right23.7 min$7.90 a runRecommended
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%2 of 2 right4.5 min$1.49 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%4 of 4 right3.7 min$1.22 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness75%3 of 4 right1.3 min$0.44 a run—

Decisions under rules

RuleArena: NBA salary-cap rulings

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness47%cost not publishedo1-preview(OpenAI)published score100%$13.43 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended40.3 min · 1 run100%$12.29 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider30.3 min · 1 run100%$6.00 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended18 min · 1 run25%$2.42 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended7.3 min50%$2.28 a runNo harness: oneagent6.9 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. The swarms reached 1 of the 4 items.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
o1-preview (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)47%published: RuleArena paper, Table 3 (2024 models)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right40.3 min$13.43 a runRecommended
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right30.3 min$12.29 a run—
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right18 min$6.00 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness25%1 of 4 right7.3 min$2.42 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness50%2 of 4 right6.9 min$2.28 a run—

Data analysis

KramaBench: hard data questions

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness55.8%cost not publishedsmolagents +Claude 3.7(Anthropic)published score100%$13.26 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider33.8 min · 1 run100%$3.97 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended11.9 min · 1 run100%$3.70 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended11.1 min · 1 run75%$1.70 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended5.1 min75%$0.64 a runNo harness: oneagent1.9 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. The swarms reached 1 of the 4 items.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
smolagents + Claude 3.7 (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)55.8%published: KramaBench paper v3, Table 5 (2026-03)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right33.8 min$13.26 a run—
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right11.9 min$3.97 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right11.1 min$3.70 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness75%3 of 4 right5.1 min$1.70 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness75%3 of 4 right1.9 min$0.64 a run—

Document retrieval

BRIGHT: nDCG@10, out of 100

020406080100Retrieval score (nDCG@10), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness50.9cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5+ trainedretriever(Anthropic)published score0$13.69 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider40.3 min · 1 run0$8.80 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended26.4 min · 1 run11$6.40 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended19.2 min · 2 runs18$2.25 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended6.8 min22$1.78 a runNo harness: oneagent5.3 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. OpenResearch hit the 40-minute cap reading very large files and gave no answer.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
Claude Opus 4.5 + trained retriever (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)50.9published: NVIDIA NeMo Retriever (2026-03-13)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness01 run40.3 min$13.69 a run—
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness01 run26.4 min$8.80 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness112 runs19.2 min$6.40 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness184 runs6.8 min$2.25 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness224 runs5.3 min$1.78 a run—

Finding vulnerable files

VLoc: File F1, out of 100

020406080100File F1 (out of 100), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness22.9cost not publishedGPT-5.5 xhigh(OpenAI)published score36$13.50 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended40.5 min · 1 run0$8.43 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended25.3 min · 1 run17$5.35 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended16.1 min17$1.77 a runNo harness: oneagent5.3 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. OpenResearch’s only run was cut off by the teardown, so it has no bar.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
GPT-5.5 xhigh (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)22.9published: VLoc model-performance.json (2026-09)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness361 run40.5 min$13.50 a runRecommended
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness01 run25.3 min$8.43 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness174 runs16.1 min$5.35 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness174 runs5.3 min$1.77 a run—

Kernel challenge

Anthropic kernel challenge: make a kernel run in fewer cycles

0×20×40×60×80×100×Times faster than the original kernel, higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flashon ourendpoint,by harness93.6×cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5,2 hours in itsharness(Anthropic)published score55.7×$58.34 a runHarness:OpenEvolvesteered byOpenResearch (indevelopment)Recommended:OpenEvolve175 min · best of 2 runs

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

OpenEvolve with GLM agents, steered only by the OpenResearch add-on’s Sonnet decider; cycles were measured only afterwards, so this is not a numeric-evaluator result, and the decider’s Claude usage is not in the cost. Anthropic’s runs started from a much faster version of the kernel, and neither their cost nor most of their times were published.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
Claude Opus 4.5, 2 hours in its harness (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)93.6×published: Anthropic take-home README120 mincost not published—
Harness: OpenEvolve steered by OpenResearch (in development)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness55.7×best of 2 runs175 min$58.34 a runRecommended: OpenEvolve

Every harness we tested

The same charts with every harness we ran and every published frontier score we found.

Hard legal research

A generated legislation set: made-up jurisdictions of about 2,830 documents, 5 hard questions (Experiment 5)

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness20%$1.41 a run at API priceGPT-6 Astra, onemodel alone(OpenAI)1.7 min30%$17.80 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),GLM decider53.4 min50%$14.67 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider39.1 min25%$12.65 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended38 min64%$10.61 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended31.8 min0%$10.01 a runHarness:OpenEvolve,default loop ofOpenResearch (indevelopment)30 min25%$9.84 a runHarness: Swarms29.5 min40%$9.75 a runHarness: CrewAI29.3 min40%$5.88 a runHarness: GPTResearcher17.6 min50%$5.85 a runNo harness: oneagent with ourchecklist17.6 min56%$5.58 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended16.7 min60%$4.54 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, ralphloop13.6 min7%$2.59 a runNo harness: oneagent7.8 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Each question has an obvious answer that a later law, amendment or court decision overrides. No published scores exist for this set.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
GPT-6 Astra, one model alone (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)20%1 of 5 right1.7 min$1.41 a run at API price—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), GLM deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness30%3 of 10 right53.4 min$17.80 a run—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness50%7 of 14 right39.1 min$14.67 a run—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness25%2 of 8 right38 min$12.65 a runRecommended
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness64%9 of 14 right31.8 min$10.61 a runRecommended
Harness: OpenEvolve, default loop of OpenResearch (in development)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness0%0 of 10 right30 min$10.01 a run—
Harness: SwarmsGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness25%1 of 4 right29.5 min$9.84 a run—
Harness: CrewAIGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness40%2 of 5 right29.3 min$9.75 a run—
Harness: GPT ResearcherGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness40%2 of 5 right17.6 min$5.88 a run—
No harness: one agent with our checklistGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness50%3 of 6 right17.6 min$5.85 a run—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness56%5 of 9 right16.7 min$5.58 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, ralph loopGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness60%3 of 5 right13.6 min$4.54 a run—
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness7%1 of 15 right7.8 min$2.59 a run—

Legal decisions (tax law)

DeonticBench: tax owed, right within $1

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness44.4%cost not publishedo3 (OpenAI)published score100%$12.31 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider30.3 min · 1 run100%$7.90 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended23.7 min · 1 run100%$1.49 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended4.5 min · 2 runs100%$1.22 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended3.7 min75%$0.44 a runNo harness: oneagent1.3 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. The swarms reached 1 or 2 of the 4 items before the box was torn down.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
o3 (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)44.4%published: DeonticBench paper, Table 2 (2026-04)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right30.3 min$12.31 a run—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right23.7 min$7.90 a runRecommended
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%2 of 2 right4.5 min$1.49 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%4 of 4 right3.7 min$1.22 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness75%3 of 4 right1.3 min$0.44 a run—

Decisions under rules

RuleArena: NBA salary-cap rulings

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness47%cost not publishedo1-preview(OpenAI)published score100%$13.43 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended40.3 min · 1 run100%$12.29 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider30.3 min · 1 run100%$6.00 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended18 min · 1 run25%$2.42 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended7.3 min50%$2.28 a runNo harness: oneagent6.9 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. The swarms reached 1 of the 4 items.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
o1-preview (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)47%published: RuleArena paper, Table 3 (2024 models)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right40.3 min$13.43 a runRecommended
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right30.3 min$12.29 a run—
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right18 min$6.00 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness25%1 of 4 right7.3 min$2.42 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness50%2 of 4 right6.9 min$2.28 a run—

Data analysis

KramaBench: hard data questions

0%20%40%60%80%100%Runs right (%), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness55.8%cost not publishedsmolagents +Claude 3.7(Anthropic)published score100%$13.26 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider33.8 min · 1 run100%$3.97 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended11.9 min · 1 run100%$3.70 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended11.1 min · 1 run75%$1.70 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended5.1 min75%$0.64 a runNo harness: oneagent1.9 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. The swarms reached 1 of the 4 items.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
smolagents + Claude 3.7 (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)55.8%published: KramaBench paper v3, Table 5 (2026-03)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right33.8 min$13.26 a run—
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right11.9 min$3.97 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness100%1 of 1 right11.1 min$3.70 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness75%3 of 4 right5.1 min$1.70 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness75%3 of 4 right1.9 min$0.64 a run—

Document retrieval

BRIGHT: nDCG@10, out of 100

020406080100Retrieval score (nDCG@10), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness50.9cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5+ trainedretriever(Anthropic)published score0$13.69 a runHarness:OpenResearch (indevelopment),Sonnet decider40.3 min · 1 run0$8.80 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended26.4 min · 1 run11$6.40 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended19.2 min · 2 runs18$2.25 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended6.8 min22$1.78 a runNo harness: oneagent5.3 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. OpenResearch hit the 40-minute cap reading very large files and gave no answer.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
Claude Opus 4.5 + trained retriever (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)50.9published: NVIDIA NeMo Retriever (2026-03-13)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: OpenResearch (in development), Sonnet deciderGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness01 run40.3 min$13.69 a run—
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness01 run26.4 min$8.80 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness112 runs19.2 min$6.40 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness184 runs6.8 min$2.25 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness224 runs5.3 min$1.78 a run—

Finding vulnerable files

VLoc: File F1, out of 100

020406080100File F1 (out of 100), higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Otherproviders'frontiermodels, forreference (notour endpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flash onour endpoint, byharness22.9cost not publishedGPT-5.5 xhigh(OpenAI)published score36$13.50 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness,workflow fan-outRecommended40.5 min · 1 run0$8.43 a runHarness: AgentFrameworkRecommended25.3 min · 1 run17$5.35 a runHarness:DeepSeekHarness, oneagentRecommended16.1 min17$1.77 a runNo harness: oneagent5.3 min

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

Experiment 6. OpenResearch’s only run was cut off by the teardown, so it has no bar.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
GPT-5.5 xhigh (OpenAI)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)22.9published: VLoc model-performance.json (2026-09)time not publishedcost not published—
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, workflow fan-outGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness361 run40.5 min$13.50 a runRecommended
Harness: Agent FrameworkGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness01 run25.3 min$8.43 a runRecommended
Harness: DeepSeek Harness, one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness174 runs16.1 min$5.35 a runRecommended
No harness: one agentGLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness174 runs5.3 min$1.77 a run—

Kernel challenge

Anthropic kernel challenge: make a kernel run in fewer cycles

0×20×40×60×80×100×120×Times faster than the original kernel, higher is betterslower ← → fasterOther providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)Other providers'frontier models,for reference(not ourendpoint)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harnessGLM-5.3-Flashon ourendpoint,by harness68.3×cost not publishedClaude Opus 4,many hours(Anthropic)published score82.5×cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5,casual ClaudeCode session(Anthropic)published score95.4×cost not publishedClaude Sonnet4.5, many morethan 2 hours(Anthropic)published score108.4×cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5,improved harness(Anthropic)published score99.4×cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5,11.5 hours inits harness(Anthropic)published score93.6×cost not publishedClaude Opus 4.5,2 hours in itsharness(Anthropic)published score55.7×$58.34 a runHarness:OpenEvolvesteered byOpenResearch (indevelopment)Recommended:OpenEvolve175 min · best of 2 runs

Swipe sideways to see every bar.

OpenEvolve with GLM agents, steered only by the OpenResearch add-on’s Sonnet decider; cycles were measured only afterwards, so this is not a numeric-evaluator result, and the decider’s Claude usage is not in the cost. Anthropic’s runs started from a much faster version of the kernel, and neither their cost nor most of their times were published.

The numbers in this chart
BarGroupResultRunsMean time a runCost a runStatus
Claude Opus 4, many hours (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)68.3×published: Anthropic take-home READMEtime not publishedcost not published—
Claude Opus 4.5, casual Claude Code session (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)82.5×published: Anthropic take-home READMEtime not publishedcost not published—
Claude Sonnet 4.5, many more than 2 hours (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)95.4×published: Anthropic take-home READMEtime not publishedcost not published—
Claude Opus 4.5, improved harness (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)108.4×published: Anthropic take-home READMEtime not publishedcost not published—
Claude Opus 4.5, 11.5 hours in its harness (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)99.4×published: Anthropic take-home README690 mincost not published—
Claude Opus 4.5, 2 hours in its harness (Anthropic)Other providers' frontier models, for reference (not our endpoint)93.6×published: Anthropic take-home README120 mincost not published—
Harness: OpenEvolve steered by OpenResearch (in development)GLM-5.3-Flash on our endpoint, by harness55.7×best of 2 runs175 min$58.34 a runRecommended: OpenEvolve

Not measured before the box was torn down

ALE-Bench: our one finished run, a plain GLM agent on ahc039, had wrong answers on 7 of 150 cases, so it scores 0, below the 753 the unchanged starting programs score. OpenEvolve’s low-effort runs never started.

Kind of taskBenchmarkBest publishedScoreStatus here
Numeric optimisationALE-BenchGPT-6 Astra max3,164one plain-agent run finished, with wrong answers; OpenEvolve never ran
TestingSWE-MutationClaude Code + Sonnet 4.540.4%built, not run: the box was torn down
Code repairSWE-bench ProMuse Spark 1.161.5%built, not run: the box was torn down

Other published reference points

Scores that are neither a model on our endpoint nor another provider's frontier model, shown here instead of on the charts.

Kind of taskBenchmarkWhoScoreSource
Data analysisKramaBenchHuman experts76.8%KramaBench paper v3, Table 5 (2026-03)
Document retrievalBRIGHTMira-Reasoning-Retrieval66.9BRIGHT leaderboard (2026-04-22)

How cost is counted

Where the numbers come from

Every bar is computed from the data files runs.json, published.json, kinds.json, findings.json, rates.json, manifest.json; the manifest records how the data was compiled, from which runs and under which owner records. Logos name a harness's maker or a model provider; their sources and licences are recorded with the site's brand assets.